Figure 2: The Structure of Ribonucleoside Triphosphate Formation and the Phosphodiester Bond Formation. The structure of ribonucleoside triphosphate formation and the phosphodiester bond formation can be seen in Fig 1. Thus, after the successful elimination of the water molecule, a linkage is formed that has been referred to as the phosphodiester linkage. The nucleotides are formed via a nitrogen base (adenine, guanine, thymine, uracil, or cytosine), a pentose sugar, and a phosphate molecule (PO4-3). The ester bonds are formed as the result of a condensation reaction in which the water molecule is lost.ĭuring the polymerization of the nucleotides, so that the nucleic acids are formed, the -OH in the phosphate groups gets attached to the 3′- carbon of the sugar of one nucleotide to the phosphate of the other available nucleotide, and hence, the ester bonds are formed. It can be seen in Eqs 1 that during the reaction in between the -OH groups of phosphoric acid and other molecules, a couple of ester bonds are formed in the phosphodiester group. The schematic diagram of the formation of the phosphodiester bond is elaborated in Eqs 1. These are the bonds that hold the sugar-phosphate components of the DNA molecule together. The 3′- carbon is linked with the 5′- carbon in the DNA and RNA via the phosphodiester bonds and thus they act as the backbone of nucleotides. Source: Modified by Maria Victoria Gonzaga, from the works of Madeleine Price Ball (left structure) and G3-Pro (middle structure), CC BY-SA 3.0. Figure1: Phosphodiester bond formation in nucleic acid – diagram. What is a phosphodiester bond formed between groups or molecules? Phosphodiester bonds are formed due to the reaction in between the hydroxyl groups of two sugar groups and a phosphate group and thus, oligonucleotide polymers are formed as the result of a combination of the diester bond in the phosphoric acid and the sugar molecules present in the DNA and RNA backbone.
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